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AV Fistula Treatment - Procedure & Operation Benefits
A swelling or abnormal connection in the arm could indicate an AV (Arteriovenous) Fistula — where an artery and a vein are joined surgically to allow easy and long-term access for dialysis.
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AV Fistula Treatment
An AV fistula is a surgical connection made between an artery and a vein, usually in the arm, to create a reliable access point for hemodialysis. This connection allows blood to flow rapidly and efficiently through the vein, making dialysis smoother and more effective. AV fistulas are considered the gold standard for dialysis access due to their long-term durability and low complication rates.
AV fistula surgery is performed under local anesthesia, typically on the non-dominant arm. The surgeon connects a vein to an artery to allow increased blood flow. The vein matures over 4–8 weeks, making it suitable for dialysis needle insertion.
Recovery is quick, with most patients resuming normal activities in a few days. The fistula requires time to "mature" before it can be used for dialysis, during which regular monitoring ensures proper development.
AV fistulas are highly effective for long-term dialysis, offering better blood flow, reduced infection risk, and longer functional life compared to catheters or grafts.
Ideal candidates include:
Patients with advanced chronic kidney disease
Those preparing for long-term hemodialysis
Individuals with suitable blood vessels for fistula creation (evaluated via ultrasound)
Long-lasting and durable dialysis access
Lower risk of infection and clotting
Improved dialysis efficiency
Minimal maintenance required after maturation
Minor risks include arm swelling, bleeding, or delayed vein maturation. Rare complications such as fistula failure or narrowing can occur but are manageable with follow-up care.
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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Find quick answers to common questions about piles, treatments, recovery, costs, and insurance coverage—so you feel confident before starting your journey with Sarthi Care.
An AV (Arteriovenous) fistula is a surgically created connection between an artery and a vein, usually in the arm. It is commonly made for patients needing long-term hemodialysis to treat kidney failure.
An AV fistula allows high blood flow, making it easier and safer to insert needles for dialysis. It also lasts longer and has fewer complications compared to catheters or grafts.
A vascular surgeon connects an artery to a vein through a minor surgery, usually in the forearm or upper arm. The vein gradually enlarges and strengthens, making it suitable for dialysis.
The procedure is done under local or regional anesthesia, so you won’t feel pain during the surgery. Mild soreness may be felt afterward, but it’s temporary.
It usually takes 6 to 8 weeks for the fistula to mature, meaning the vein becomes thick enough to handle regular dialysis sessions.
A healthy fistula should feel like a buzz or vibration (thrill) when touched. This means there is good blood flow. Your care team will regularly check it for function.
Possible issues include:
Clotting or blockage
Infection
Bleeding or swelling
Aneurysm formation
However, with proper care and regular monitoring, these risks are minimized.
Keep the area clean and dry
Avoid pressure or injury on the fistula arm
Do not use the arm for blood pressure checks or IVs
Exercise the arm (e.g., squeezing a soft ball) to help vein growth
If the fistula fails to develop, other options like creating a new fistula or placing a vascular graft may be considered. Ultrasound or imaging helps guide the next step.
Yes. Since AV fistula is a medically necessary procedure for dialysis, it is generally covered by health insurance or government health schemes.